Housing precarity: No residents should be at risk of housing displacement, especially in communities under redevelopment.
Insights & Analyses
- Nationwide, Black renters were nearly four times as likely as white renters to live in neighborhoods with high or extreme levels of overall housing precarity risk.
- The presence of children tends to increase with neighborhood-level eviction risk. While 34 percent of renters had children in neighborhoods with high or extreme eviction risk, 27 percent did in neighborhoods with lower risk.
- Among all renters living in neighborhoods with elevated to extreme overall precarity risk, about 4 in 10 had household incomes less than $35,000.
- In two regions, Fayetteville, NC and Richmond, VA, half or more of all renters live in neighborhoods with high/extreme precarity risk (77 percent and 50 percent, respectively).
Drivers of Inequity
Widespread housing unaffordability and weak renter protection policies leave many US households at risk of losing their homes, especially renters. In many US cities, historically redlined and low-income communities have become popular targets for high-end redevelopment. Investors capitalize on relatively lower property values to establish new businesses and build market-rate housing that is unaffordable for many existing locals, spurring new consumers and residents to enter the neighborhood. This gentrification of low-income neighborhoods has displaced many families who rely on the social networks, supportive programs, and language services in their home communities. Hundreds of millions of Americans live in cities and states without rent stabilization or other key tenant protections, which increases the likelihood they will be priced out of their homes or evicted without just cause. In recent years, the termination of eviction moratorium policies from the COVID-19 pandemic has created additional housing precarity for many low-income households who lost their jobs during the shelter-in-place mandate and struggled to pay their back rent.
Strategies
Grow an equitable economy: Policies to ensure stable and affordable housing for all
- Raise public funds to increase the supply of affordable homes through housing trust funds and housing bonds.
- Invest in decommodified approaches to affordable housing development, such as social housing.
- Require or incentivize the inclusion of affordable housing within new developments using inclusionary zoning, community benefits agreements, density bonuses, or other tools.
- Empower community-based developers and nonprofits to preserve affordable rental housing, particularly apartments located near job centers, public transit, and services, through Community Opportunity to Purchase (COPA) policies, community land trusts, and gap funding for property acquisitions.
- Promote shared equity homeownership models, such as Tenant Opportunity to Purchase (TOPA) policies, and limited equity cooperatives.
- Ensure that existing residents in historically low-income communities of color, as well as residents who have been previously displaced, have access to new affordable housing opportunities and redevelopment benefits in those neighborhoods.
- Enact land use and development policies that facilitate the conversion of financially distressed hotels into housing for low-income families and people experiencing houselessness.
- Make it easier to seal or expunge eviction records, which can be misused to blacklist tenants with eviction histories and prevent people from achieving housing stability.
- Establish city Cultural Districts or other place-keeping programs that protect historically marginalized and culturally significant neighborhoods in municipal planning decisions.
- Invest in comprehensive, community-based, and culturally appropriate supportive services that help low-income families keep their homes in neighborhoods facing high-end redevelopment.
- Invest in loan products for local small business owners and prospective homebuyers who live and work in historically underbanked communities.
- At the state and local levels, codify strong tenant protections to prevent displacement, such as just cause eviction ordinances, anti-harassment policies, low-cost or free legal assistance, and rent control.
- At the state and local levels, require landlords to provide monetary relocation support to tenants who are evicted due to no fault of their own.
- At the federal level, create a rental subsidy program for rent-burdened tenants, implement a renters' tax credit to help reduce rents for low-income families, enforce and expand the Fair Housing Act to ensure fair housing, expand the national Housing Trust Fund to increase investment in affordable housing production, and enact a homes guarantee for all people in the US to have safe, affordable, and accessible housing.
Strategy in Action
The Mission Economic Development Agency (MEDA) keeps San Francisco’s Latinx families in their homes. For several generations, San Francisco’s Mission District has served as an epicenter for the city’s Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities, including many local social service organizations, small businesses, cultural institutions, and political advocacy efforts. However, since the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, this working-class neighborhood has been a popular target for high-end housing and business redevelopment. Thousands of Latinx residents have been displaced from the Mission since 2000. Founded in 1973, MEDA has committed the last few decades to preventing and reversing this trend of displacement. A nonprofit direct service provider, small business lender, and affordable housing developer, MEDA operates a host of programs that support Latinx and immigrant families to build financial stability, retain affordable housing, and push for equitable housing, land use, and workforce policies. As part of its core strategies, the organization builds new affordable housing while also purchasing and preserving rent-controlled apartments throughout the city. Learn more.
Photo by Bruce Damonte. Reprinted with permission from Juan Mesa.
Resources
- Reports: Our Homes, Our Future: Building the Power to Win Rent Control for Stable Communities; Urban Displacement Project Research; Exploring the Link Between Housing Stability and Mental Health; Homelessness and Housing Instability Among LGBTQ Youth; Nearly Half of Renter Households Are Cost-Burdened, Proportions Differ by Race; Making the Rent: The Human Price of Housing Cost Burden; Reducing Housing Burdens While Creating a Longer-Term Affordable Housing Solution; The State of the Nation’s Housing 2025; Financialization Increases Housing Precarity: New Study; Tenant Protections Can Fuel Family Upward Mobility and Community Stability; Displaced by Design: Fifty Years of Gentrification and Black Cultural Displacement in US Cities
- Data: Data on Evictions and Housing; Anti-Eviction Mapping Project; Eviction Tracking System; Out of Reach: The High Cost of Housing; The Gap: A Shortage of Affordable Homes; Paycheck to Paycheck; Housing Gap Estimates from Moody’s Analytics