• The average commute time for all workers increased from 22 minutes in 1990 to 27 minutes in 2022. 
• Workers living at or above 200 percent of the poverty line have longer commute times than those living below that threshold.
• Workers in New York experience the longest commute times at 33 minutes, while those in South Dakota have the shortest commute times at 17 minutes. 
• Although Asian American workers have the longest average commute overall (29 minutes), Black workers who commute by public transportation experience the longest commutes (52 minutes).
• For most racial and ethnic groups, immigrant workers tend to have longer average commute times than their US-born counterparts, except for Asian American and Pacific Islander immigrant workers.
   

People of color face longer commute times than white people because of the country's long history of racial segregation. The expropriation of land from Indigenous people along with racially discriminatory practices such as redlining and racially restrictive housing covenants have led to the economic dispossession and exclusion of communities of color. These practices also made communities of color more vulnerable to displacement due to gentrification. As urban housing prices skyrocket, people of color are increasingly pushed out of urban areas and away from their employers. As most cities in the United States lack quality public transportation, people of color increasingly face longer commute times.

• Build robust public transit systems including buses, bus rapid transit, and shared mobility options  that connect low-income communities to jobs, education and training opportunities, and services.
• Create transit-oriented developments (TODs) in ways that expand affordability and access for low-income residents and prevent displacement of both people and small businesses.
• Expand transit options in rural communities, including van pools, shuttles, low-income car ownership programs, and bus routes.
• Coordinate housing, economic development, and transportation investments in regions to increase access and reduce emissions.
• Encourage employers to offer transportation options/subsidies and help employees live near work.
• Expand regional transportation networks to cover more communities, including suburbs where more low-wage workers are living.
• At the federal level, invest in public transportation infrastructure in high-need communities and provide aid to local governments to prevent cuts in transportation spending.

• Reports: Measures Matter: Ensuring Equitable Implementation of Los Angeles County Measures M & A; Advancing Transportation Equity: Research and Practice; Those Who Need it Most: Maximizing Transit Accessibility and Removing Barriers to Employment in Areas of Concentrated Poverty; Too Far from Jobs: Spatial Mismatch and Hourly Workers
• Data: The H+T® Affordability Index; All Transit