• Nationally, in 2022, 20 percent of Latinx full-time workers had a family income below 200 percent of the poverty line, the highest among all racial and ethnic groups.
• Latinx workers, especially men, consistently had the highest rates of working poverty among all groups. However, the share of Latino men who worked full-time yet had family income below 200 percent of the poverty line decreased from 29 percent in 1990 to 21 percent in 2022. 
• Full-time immigrant workers were generally more likely to be working poor than their US-born counterparts. However, Black immigrant workers were less likely than their US-born counterparts to be working poor.
• In 2022, Mississippi and Arkansas had the highest percentages of working poor at 19 percent and 17 percent respectively, while Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and the District of Columbia had the lowest percentages at 4 to 5 percent.

Wages on the lower end of the wage distribution are stagnant, causing a rise in the number of people who are working yet still struggling economically. Shifts in the U.S. economy, such as corporate outsourcing to countries with lower wages, employer consolidation, and declines in union membership, are driving this stagnation. Federal policy choices, such as fiscal austerity and a minimum wage that has not been raised since 2009, also contribute to the rise in working poor. These shifts disproportionately impact women and people of color because they are overrepresented in low-paying jobs as a result of historical factors such as racial segregation and policies that banned women and people of color from accessing education and higher paid professions. Ongoing factors, like discriminatory hiring practices, lack of affordable childcare, and disparities in generational wealth, also contribute to working poverty.

• Expand the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the Child Tax Credit (CTC), which are responsible for lifting millions of families and children out of poverty each year.
• Raise the floor on low-wage work by increasing the minimum wage or enacting living-wage laws
• End wage theft and strengthen workers' rights to organize.
• Require paid sick days and fair scheduling.
• Provide high-quality preschool for low-income children and increase access to affordable childcare.
• At the federal level, institute a federal jobs guarantee, dedicate 1 percent of infrastructure investments to a fund for inclusive job and contracting supports, enact a $15/hour minimum wage for all workers, require paid sick leave and family leave for all workers, and guarantee workers’ right to organize at scale.

• Reports: How COVID-19 Is Affecting Black and Latino Families’ Employment and Financial Well-Being; Causes of Wage Stagnation; A State Agenda for America’s Workers; When Workers Don't Get Paid What They're Owed – And What Congress Can Do About It; Raising America's Pay

• Data: Opportunity Insights Economic Tracker (Low-Income Earnings); State of Working America; Living Wage Calculator; Family Budget Calculator; The Unequal States of America: Income Inequality in the United States; The Opportunity Atlas